ACADEMY REALISM AESTHETIC MOVEMENT IMPRESSIONISM MODERN SCULPTURE SYMBOLISM POST-IMPRESSIONISM NEO-IMPRESSIONISM ART NOUVEAU   First underground
railway opens in London Alexander Graham
Bell patents telephone Thomas Edison
patents light bulb Canadian-Pacific
railway opens Eiffel Tower
completed in Paris Wilhelm Rontgen
discovers X-rays First Zeppelin airship
launched in Germany Guglielmo Marconi transmits
wireless signals across the Atlantic Completion of Aswan Dam on the Nile First successful flight by the Wright Brothers   Herman Melville, Moby Dick Harriet Beecher Stowe,
Uncle Tom's Cabin Gustave Flaubert,
Madame Bovary Charles
Dickens,
Great
Expectations Leo Tolstoy,
War and Peace (Part 1) Fyodor Dostoyevsky,
Crime and Punishment First performance
of Richard Wagner's
opera Das Rheingold George Eliot,
Middlemarch Mark Twain, Tom Sawyer Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House First part of Oxford
English Dictionary
is completed Last Impressionist
exhibition in Paris Stephen Crane, The
Red Badge of Courage Georges Melies, A Trip to the Moon   Second Republic dissolved in France.
Napoleon III takes power as emperor Britain and France join Crimean War Crimean War ends Abolition of slavery
in United States President
Abraham
Lincoln
assassinated King of Prussia becomes Emperor
Wilhelm I of a united Germany Britain buys Suez Canal Germany signs
alliance with
Russia and
Austria New Zealand becomes
first country to
grant women the vote Beginning of Dreyfus
affair in France Spanish-American War. America
gains Philippines and Puerto Rico Boxer Rebellion in China
suppressed by foreign intervention Death of Queen
Victoria
(1819-1901)   Gustave Courbet
independently exhibits
outside the Exposition
Universalle, Paris Albert Memorial completed
in Hyde Park, London Monet and Renoir paint at
La Grenouillere, near Paris Metropolitan Museum,
New York, is founded Vendome Column destroyed
during Paris Commune First Impressionist
exhibition, Paris Statue of Liberty
is unveiled
in New York Van Gogh and Gauguin
paint in Arles Paul Gauguin
departs for Tahiti Gustav Klimt and
others found
Vienna Secession | MODERN PHOTOGRAPHY CUBISM FUTURISM COLLAGE READYMADE SUPREMATISM DADA DE STIJL CONSTRUCTIVISM Russo-Japanese War
ends, Russia defeated Finland is the first country
to give women the vote Mahatma Gandhi begins
campaign of non-violent
resistance in South Africa NAACP
established
in USA U.S. Supreme
Court breaks
up Standard Oil The Titanic
strikes an
iceberg
and sinks Worldwide
influenza
epidemic
kills millions Benito Mussolini
comes to power Adolf Hitler
publishes Mein Kampf Albert Einstein publishes
paper on special theory of relativity First successful
parachute jump Henry Ford develops first
moving assembly line in Detroit Completion of Panama Canal Invention of the
first armoured
vehicle: the tank First successful
helicopter flight Upton Sinclair, The Jungle Birth of Indian cult
leader Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Marcel Proust,
A la recherche du temps perdu (Volume 1) Charlie Chaplin begins making films D.W. Griffiths,
The Birth of a Nation James Joyce
publishes
Ulysses in Paris George Gershwin completes
Rhapsody in Blue Picasso and Braque
begin to develop
Synthetic Cubism Marinetti publishes
Futurist Manifesto Expressionist group
Der Blaue Reiter
founded in Munich Kazimir Malevich
launches
Suprematism Dada movement
launched in Zurich Theo van Doesburg
launches De Stijl Russian Imperial
Academy abolished Walter Gropius founds
the Bauhaus School Hans Prinzhorn,
The Artistry of
the Mentally Ill Andre Breton
publishes
Surrealist
Manifesto | SURREALISM BAUHAUS ART DECO NEUE SACHLICHKEIT/ NEW OBJECTIVITY TOTALITARIAN ART SOCIAL REALISM WELDED METAL SCULPTURE Stock Market Crash
leads to Great Depression Adolf Hitler comes
to power in Germany Germany invades
Poland
Starts WWII
(1939-1945) France falls to
German invasion Japanese bombing of Pearl
Harbor brings USA into WWII Penicillin isolated
by Alexander Fleming Edwin Hubble announces
that the universe is expanding Empire State Building
is completed The Richter Scale
completed by
seismologist
Charles Richter Precursor to first
computer is outlined
by Alan Turing Xerography invented
by Chester Carlson First nuclear reactor
built by Enrico Fermi Microwave oven invented
by Percy Spenser D.H. Lawrence,
Lady Chatterley's Lover Nation of Islam
founded by Wallace
Ford Muhammad Aldous Huxley,
Brave New World Henry Miller,
Tropic of Cancer Frank Lloyd Wright
builds Falling Water,
Bear Run, PA Earnest Hemingway,
For Whom the Bell Tolls Citizen Kane is
released in cinemas John Paul Sartre,
Being and Nothingness George Orwell,
Animal Farm Precisionist Charles
Sheeler documents
Ford's River
Rouge plant, Michigan Museum of Modern Art
opens in New York Walter Benjamin writes essay
"The Work of Art in the Age
of Mechanical Reproduction" Walker Evans and others document
America as part of New Deal Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
begins teaching at
the School of Design,
Chicago Matisse begins cut-paper
collage technique | ART INFORMEL ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM KINETIC ART OP ART ASSEMBLAGE India gains independence
from Britain Korean War begins Dwight Eisenhower
becomes US president Treaty of Rome establishes
European Economic Union Fidel Castro takes
power in Cuba The transistors is invented
at Bell Telephone Laboratories Francis Crick and James
Watson discover structure of DNA Launch of Sputnik I,
first artificial satellite Theodore Maiman
produces first laser Anti-Communist HUAC
hearings in Hollywood JD Salinger,
The Catcher in the Rye JRR Tolkein publishes first
instalments of Lord of the Rings First performance
of John Osborne’s
Look Back in Anger Jack Keroac,
On the Road Vladimir Nabokov,
Lolita Jean Dubuffet causes scandal with
exhibition at Galerie Rene Drouin Jackson Pollock begins
drip paintings The Abstract Expressionist
‘Irascibles’ protest against
Metropolitan Museum Robert Rauschenberg,
Erased De Kooning Drawing Jasper Johns begins
work on Flag Clement Greenberg,
"American-Type Painting" Jackson Pollock
dies in car crash | POP ART FLUXUS ARTE POVERA MINIMALISM POST-MINIMALISM CONCEPTUAL ART PERFORMANCE ART LAND ART East German
government builds
Berlin Wall Cuban missile crisis John F. Kennedy assassinated Malcolm X assassinated Cultural Revolution
begins in China Six Day War. Israel defeats
Egypt, Syria and Jordan Yuri Gagarin becomes
first man in space Broadcast of first transatlantic
television signals via satellite Arno Penzias and Robert
Wilson discover cosmic
background radiation Christiaan Barnard
completes first successful
heart transplant Neil Armstrong becomes
first man on moon Roy Lichtenstein
stages his first
Pop art exhibition Andy Warhol stages his
first Pop art exhibition Marcel Duchamp retrospective,
Pasadena, CA Clement Greenberg curates
"Post-Painterly Abstraction" Joseph Kosuth creates
One and Three Chairs Survey of Minimalism, "Primary
Structures," at Jewish Museum, NY Valerie Solanas
shoots Andy Warhol Survey of Conceptual art,
"Information," at MoMA, NY Robert Smithson creates
Spiral Jetty |
